11/24/2023 0 Comments Rate of fall with more sig figs![]() In this figure, the dots are concentrated rather closely to one another, indicating high precision, but they are rather far away from the actual location of the restaurant, indicating low accuracy. The dots are spread out quite far apart from one another, indicating low precision, but they are each rather close to the actual location of the restaurant, indicating high accuracy. ![]() The black dots represent each attempt to pinpoint the location of the restaurant. A GPS system attempts to locate a restaurant at the center of the bull’s-eye. This indicates a high precision, low accuracy measuring system. However, in Figure 4, the GPS measurements are concentrated quite closely to one another, but they are far away from the target location. This indicates a low precision, high accuracy measuring system. In Figure 3, you can see that the GPS measurements are spread out far apart from each other, but they are all relatively close to the actual location of the restaurant at the center of the target. ![]() Think of the restaurant location as existing at the center of a bull’s-eye target, and think of each GPS attempt to locate the restaurant as a black dot. ![]() Let us consider an example of a GPS system that is attempting to locate the position of a restaurant in a city. The measurements in the paper example are both accurate and precise, but in some cases, measurements are accurate but not precise, or they are precise but not accurate. However, if the measured values had been 10.9, 11.1, and 11.9, then the measurements would not be very precise because there would be significant variation from one measurement to another. These measurements were relatively precise because they did not vary too much in value. Thus, the measured values deviated from each other by at most 0.3 in. In that case, the lowest value was 10.9 in. One way to analyze the precision of the measurements would be to determine the range, or difference, between the lowest and the highest measured values. The precision of the measurements refers to the spread of the measured values. Consider the example of the paper measurements. The precision of a measurement system is refers to how close the agreement is between repeated measurements (which are repeated under the same conditions). In contrast, if you had obtained a measurement of 12 inches, your measurement would not be very accurate. These measurements are quite accurate because they are very close to the correct value of 11.0 inches. You measure the length of the paper three times and obtain the following measurements: 11.1 in., 11.2 in., and 10.9 in. The packaging in which you purchased the paper states that it is 11.0 inches long. For example, let us say that you are measuring the length of standard computer paper. Accuracyis how close a measurement is to the correct value for that measurement. Science is based on observation and experiment-that is, on measurements. Whereas a mechanical balance may only read the mass of an object to the nearest tenth of a gram, many digital scales can measure the mass of an object up to the nearest thousandth of a gram. Many mechanical balances, such as double-pan balances, have been replaced by digital scales, which can typically measure the mass of an object more precisely. The “known masses” are typically metal cylinders of standard mass such as 1 gram, 10 grams, and 100 grams. When the bar that connects the two pans is horizontal, then the masses in both pans are equal. Usually an object with unknown mass is placed in one pan and objects of known mass are placed in the other pan. A double-pan mechanical balance is used to compare different masses. 1 Introduction: The Nature of Science and Physics 4 1.3 Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Figuresĭetermine the appropriate number of significant figures in both addition and subtraction, as well as multiplication and division calculations.Ĭalculate the percent uncertainty of a measurement.
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